Class 9 - Unit 03 - Reading A - INDIA’S BATTLE TO BAN CHEWING TOBACCO

UNIT - 3	AWARENESS ABOUT HEALTH
READING - A	INDIA’S BATTLE TO BAN CHEWING TOBACCO

Comprehension

1. What difficulties might Mr. Sharma’s family have suffered because of his illness?

Answer – Mr. Sharma was suffering from cancer and its treatment is expensive and traumatic. His illness might have broken the family both on monitory and emotional levels. They might have faced so many difficulties like depression, fear, sadness. They might have also find it difficult to fulfil their basic needs due to the expenses on the treatment. The condition would have been even worse if he would have been the only earning member of the family. His daughter’s career would have also suffered badly.

 

2. List the activities carried out under the campaign called ‘Voices of Tobacco Victims’.

Answer – The activities carried out under the campaign called ‘Voices of Tobacco

Victims’ are –

(i) Cancer survivors tell their stories to influence policy maker and to raise awareness among other tobacco users.

(ii) The campaign also advocated total ban on ‘gutka’ – a form of chewing tobacco.

(iii) It put pressure on the government to make laws regarding the manufacturing and selling of the tobacco products.

 

3. Mr. Chaturvedi filed public interest litigations against the use of gutka in many states and union territories. Who helped him in this effort?

Answer – The other doctors especially cancer specialists and cancer survivors helped Mr. Chaturvedi in his effort. With their support he succeeded in banning the gutka all the states and union territories of India.

 

4. Which state has been most successful in banning tobacco? Give evidence in support of your answers.

Answer – Maharashtra state has been the most successful in banning tobacco. In the state apart from the complete ban on gutka, the manufacture and sale of paan masala has also been prohibited since July 2012. The state government has seized 16 crores rupees worth of tobacco products which was more than the combined total of all the other states.

 

5. “He’s in a lot of pain. But his children and I are in even more pain…” Who is ‘he’? Who is ‘I’?

Answer – ‘He’ here refers to Mr. Pradeep Kumar Sharma, a 52-year-old coalfield worker from Madhya Pradesh. He is a cancer survivor, ‘I’ in the above line is his wife Mrs. Durga Sharma.

 

6. Which line in the lesson suggests that a person suffering from mouth cancer can pass on the disease to his or her children?

Answer – There is no clear line to show what is suggested in the above lines.

 

7. How is gutka popularized among the youth?

Answer – Gutka is popularized among the youth as a mouth freshener. It is a marketing strategy to sell them this unhealthy and cancer-causing food as harmless mouth freshner.

 

Vocabulary

Rewrite the following sentences using appropriate forms of the words given in the brackets for the words/phrases in bold. One has been done for you.

Example: You must start drinking more water. (consume)

You must start consuming more water.

1. Hundreds of vehicles are moving in large number towards the Kisan Mela. (stream).

Answer – Hundreds of vehicles are streaming towards the Kisan Mela.

2. I do not eat gutka because some of the ingredients in it can cause cancer.

(carcinogenic).

Answer – I do not eat gutka because some of the ingredients in it are carcinogenic.

3. Duleshwari was the only one who came out safe from the plane crash. (survivor)

Answer – Duleshwari was the only survivor of the plane crash.

4. School will begin a campaign against alcoholism in July. (launch)

Answer – School will launch a campaign against alcoholism in July.

5. The Principal has announced that severe punishment will be given to those who do not follow the school rules. (stringent)

Answer – The Principal has announced that stringent punishment will be given to those who do not follow the school rules.

6. The government has given women the right and freedom to work in the most challenging positions in the military. (empower)

Answer – The government has empowerd women the right and freedom to work in the most challenging positions in the military.

7. The forest department is doing many planned activities for spreading the

awareness of the need for planting trees. (campaign)

Answer – The forest department is campaigning for spreading the awareness of the need for planting trees.

8. Many a times the only symptom of cancer that a patient reports is a hard growth of flesh. (lump)

Answer – Many a times the only symptom of cancer that a patient reports is a lump of flesh.

9. Full form of

Answer – FSSA – Food Safety and Standards Act of 2011.

FDA  - Food and Drug Administration.

Grammar 

Underline the reduced relative clauses. Rewrite them after expanding them into relative clauses. You may begin the relative clauses with who/ which.

1. The progress he has made in the last one year is remarkable.

Answer-

(Reduced Relative Clause)

The progress he has made in the last one year is remarkable.

(Expanded Relative Clause)

The progress, which he has made in the last one year, is remarkable.

2. The boy talking to my daughter is her class fellow.

Answer-

(Reduced Relative Clause)

The boy talking to my daughter is her class fellow.

(Expanded Relative Clause)

The boy, who is talking to my daughter, is her class fellow.

3. The person dragged by the police is the killer.

Answer-

(Reduced Relative Clause)

The person dragged by the police is the killer.

(Expanded Relative Clause)

The person, who was dragged by the police, is the killer.

4. The road closed for the Republic Day Parade is now open to the public.

Answer-

(Reduced Relative Clause)

The road closed for the Republic Day Parade is now open to the public.

(Expanded Relative Clause)

The road, which was closed for the Republic Day Parade, is now open to the public.

5. The cyclist hit by the speeding bus is admitted to the hospital.

Answer-

(Reduced Relative Clause)

The cyclist hit by the speeding bus is admitted to the hospital.

(Expanded Relative Clause)

The cyclist, who was hit by the speeding bus, is admitted to the hospital.

6. The English text book prescribed for ten years has at last been revised.

Answer-

(Reduced Relative Clause)

The English text book prescribed for ten years has at last been revised.

(Expanded Relative Clause)

The English text book, which was prescribed for ten years, has at last been revised.

7. The desk next to you is broken.

Answer-

(Reduced Relative Clause)

The desk next to you is broken.

(Expanded Relative Clause)

The desk, which is next to you, is broken.

8. The seat reserved for the Chief Guest is lying vacant.

Answer-

(Reduced Relative Clause)

The seat reserved for the Chief Guest is lying vacant.

The seat, which was reserved for the Chief Guest, is lying vacant.

 

Writing

1. Write a slogan against the use of gutka.

Example : ‘Say no to gutka. Say yes to life.’

Answer- Spread happiness, not cancer.

If you want to live, leave gutka.

(It is suggested to encourage to write their own slogan. The above two are just for examples.)

 

2. How does mouth cancer disfigure a patient? Describe in 30 words.

Answer- In many cases of mouth cancer, the cancer surgeons are forced to remove some parts of the mouth including jaw, tongue and cheek. There are stitches on face and neck. Even if surgery has not been performed, the cancer itself causes the various parts to decay and there are ugly lumps.

 

Study Skills

Look at the poster and answer the following questions.

1. In which different forms is tobacco sold in the market?

Answer- Tobacco is sold in the form of cigarette, bidi, gutka, tobacco pouch and even in paste form.

2. What makes tobacco dangerous?

Answer- Tobacco has around 4000 poisonous substances that make it dangerous.

3. What are the after-effects of consuming tobacco?

Answer- The after-effects of consuming tobacco are hair loss, cataract, tooth decay, lung cancer, heart disease, stomach ulcers, discoloured fingers, deformed sperm, gangrene.

4. Which parts of the human body are affected by tobacco?

Answer- The lungs, eyes, teeth, heart, stomach, throat, gums and other parts of the body are affected by tobacco.

5. What are the visible and invisible damages caused by tobacco?

Answer- The visible damage caused by tobacco are various diseases including cancer, cataract and heart disease. The invisible damage are the pain and sufferings of the consumer and everyone related.

 

©Anupam Agrawal